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Vickie Jensen and Jay Powell fonds
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Kwak’wala

The series contains records created during a number of visits and projects completed with the Kwakwaka'wakw of Alert Bay.

After meeting David Grubb at the Salish Conferences in the early 1970s, Jensen was invited by Grubb to attend a potlatch on Gilford Island, just off Alert Bay. It was the first potlatch that she attended, and Jensen photographed it in black and white without flash.

Around the same time, Gloria Cranmer Webster began involving her UBC colleague Powell in discussions on the development of a Kwak’wala orthography. The two worked on this project during their breaks at work, with the main end goal to create accurate labels for artefacts at the museum, then located in the basement of the library on campus.

In 1975, after she moved back to Alert Bay, Webster contacted Powell and asked him to assist her in the creation of a language and culture book for Kwak’wala speaking people. Powell travelled to Alert Bay, the first of many trips to do such work. Over the next few years, Powell and Jensen were invited to Alert Bay on a number of occasions to attend potlatches, pole raisings, and other community events. Jensen photographed the events, as well as other aspects of the community such as the day care and band school.

In 1980 Webster, on behalf of the U’Mista Cultural Centre, secured salaries for both Jensen and Powell for one full year. They were hired to produce language and culture books, but in reality helped with many other aspects leading to the opening of the Centre. They rented a house in the village and lived there full time for the year, immersing themselves in the community, and creating a body of records that integrates both work and community life. Jensen had permission to photograph extensively, and these are all included in this series. Powell did linguistic research and worked with teachers from both the band school and the provincial school that were located in the village. Jensen also photographed language and culture lessons to be used in the books being produced. During the year they lived in Alert Bay, they produced 12 language books and a teacher’s manual for U’mista.

In 1982 Powell and Jensen purchased a house in Alert Bay, further cementing their intentions to maintain connections to the community. They continued to attend and photograph events and potlatches between projects.

In 1983 the Kwak’wala Teacher Training Program (KTTP) was developed by Powell and Jensen. The program was a college credit course for local area teachers to train them to lead language and culture lessons in their classes. Jensen and Powell divided their teaching duties, involving another teacher named Joy Wild. The program was successful for two years.

Over the next 20 years many of their visits were social in nature, although they continued to keep a detailed record of the events they attended. In 2001 they completed a CD-ROM for the Learning Kwak’wala series. This project had been ongoing for some time.

The series also contains photographic records of two events that took place outside the realm of the language projects. The Canadian Museum of Civilisation hired Doug Cranmer to carve a new Wakas Pole to replace the decaying version in Stanley Park and contacted Jensen to document the event. The second set of photographs records a trip organised by U’Mista Cultural Centre for scholars and experts to visit Mimkwamlis (Village Island) and T’sadzis’nukwakme’ (New Vancouver).

The records kept in this series consist of recordings, photographs, research notes, draft teaching aids, and copies of completed resources for both children’s education and the KTTP.

The series consists of eleven sub-series:
A. U’Mista research/background
B. Research materials
C. Field notes
D. Publications
E. Kwak’wala teacher training program
F. Kwak’wala CD-ROM project
G. Kwak’wala photographs
H. Potlatch photographs.
I. Wakas pole raising in Stanley Park 1987 photographs
J. Trip to Village Island and Tzatsisnukomi (New Vancouver) photographs 2005.
K. Audio recordings

Potlatch photographs

Consists of photographs taken at a number of potlatches over the years. Includes: Roy Cranmer 1980; Wm T. Cranmer 1983; Speck Potlatches; Alice Smith 1994; Margaret Cook 1995; Peter Knox 1995; Big House Opening 1999; and others.

Chinook Jargon

Series is made up of records relating to the creation of a Chinook Jargon dictionary, a Big Book created for the Quileute on Chinook Jargon, and lessons for a Chinook Jargon class at Langara College. Powell documented the use of Chinook Jargon in LaPush during research on the Quileute language. His informants used Chinook Jargon regularly, and he began to research the history of its use on the Northwest Coast with the intention of writing a book about it. The manuscript for his book was accepted by the publishing company Douglas and McIntyre, but as Powell was not satisfied with his work, publication did not take place. However, he did produce a number of works that have been used for education purposes in LaPush as well as in British Columbia.

Series comprises six sub-series:
A. Research materials
B. Field notes and correspondence
C. Unpublished manuscript and lessons
D. Chinook Jargon dictionary files

Publications series

Series consists of books created by or contributed to by Powell and Jensen. Many of the publications are final versions of the language education materials made for community use. A small number are publications on indigenous culture of the Northwest Coast for which Powell and Jensen were consulted, or in which Jensen’s photographs were used.

Series also contains a small number of magazine articles authored by Powell or Jensen.

Northwest Coast artists series

Series consists of photographs documenting Northwest Coast artists and their work throughout the 1970s and 1980s

Jensen first began to photograph works of art for Bud Mintz around 1973 when he was working for Langara College. Before he opened his gallery she would go to the College to photograph the jewellery and art he had for sale. Often the pieces had been purchased and he wanted to document what he had sold. Once he opened his gallery of Indigenous art in South Vancouver, Jensen would go to the gallery to take pictures.

Through her work with Bud Mintz Jensen met many Northwest coast artists, both Indigenous and non-Indigenous. As she developed relationships with many of these artists, she documented them and their work.

Some of the later photographs of artists were taken to accompany articles and other work that Jensen was doing at the time.

Historical and research photographs

Consists of photographs taken of historical prints and artefacts relating to the Quileute. These were taken at a number of institutions, including Brigham Young University in Utah, the Washing State Archives in Olympia, The Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian, the Museum of the American Indian Heye Foundation, the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia, and the University of Washington Burke Museum.

75K – Quileute exercises #5

Item consists of recordings of Quileute language exercises #5. Read by Fred Woodruff. Created to supplement written language education materials.

Side 1 – Dialogue, new vocabulary, exercises
Side 2 – Prepositions

Counting book photographs

Consists of photographs taken for the series of education books called Counting books in the Big Book series. These images were staged specifically for this purpose and included many traditional activities, such as digging for camus bulbs

75I – Quileute stories for children

Item consists of recordings of stories and songs for children’s language education materials. Created to supplement written language education materials.

Hal George: Medicine songs
Lillian Pullen: Shaker songs, Chinook Jargon songs

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